miércoles, 17 de enero de 2018

Evaluación del año 2017 que acaba de pasar



Alfredo Stecher

Después de un año con complicaciones de salud, vuelvo a redactar artículos para mi blog, tratando de reducir su extensión para facilitar su lectura (una o máximo 2 páginas en Word).
¿Fue 2017 el mejor año de la historia de la humanidad, como afirma el columnista Kristof, del New York Times, a la vez que recuerda sus propias denuncias de problemas terribles a lo largo del año? Concuerdo con él, aunque no es quien más denuncias fundamentadas hace.

Su visión está centrada en los resultados de políticas públicas, nacionales, de gobiernos de diferentes signos, en muchos casos dictatoriales, y de organismos internacionales, así como de ONGs mundiales y nacionales, y de algunas mejoras desde el ámbito empresarial, en reducción de extrema pobreza, de desnutrición, de tasas de mortalidad, de problemas sanitarios y de salud, así como de analfabetismo y ampliación de sistemas educativos entre mediocres y malos. En eso tiene razón y debemos reconocerlo y estimularlo, junto con buscar ampliar aún más su cobertura y mejorar su calidad, así como vincularlo con procesos de democratización, desburocratización y reducción de la corrupción, así como de la violencia estatal y social.

En relación con esto él y muchos otros denuncian a lo largo del año, con razón, problemas terribles que atentan contra los avances y contra los derechos humanos, incluso capaces de causar un colapso del mundo actual.

Lo siento como la amenaza de una sequía a naturaleza y cultivos aún fructíferos, con extendida preocupación por ello, y, de repente, con un cambio hacia la aparición de nubes enormes amenazantes, con gran potencial de destrucción, más que solo superación de la falta de lluvias.

De esas nubes destaco:

  • Los riesgos del cambio climático derivado de la acción humana (además de fluctuaciones naturales).
  • La terrible contaminación del aire, de muchas ciudades, de la tierra y, aún más, del mar, con plásticos, así como la deforestación y consiguiente desertificación.
  • Trump, con tuits y decisiones irresponsables, de efectos imprevisibles, ya notorios en el desprecio del multilateralismo, en la agudización de conflictos internacionales y nacionales (como la anulación de avances bajo Obama), con promulgación de políticas racistas, xenófobas, anti ambientales y favorables a lo peor de los grandes capitales.
  • El conflicto entre Rusia y EEUU, por interferencia electrónica, negocios turbios y riesgos de choques militares.
  • El creciente peso económico y político mundial de la nada democrática China.
  • El riesgo de choques internos y descomposición de Europa, con extremos como el Brexit o el intento de secesión de Cataluña, estímulo para movimientos separatistas.
  • Las amenazas nucleares de Corea del Norte.
  • Carteles de narcotráfico y otras mafias, y políticas erróneas para enfrentarlos.
  • Las tensiones que amenazan los procesos democráticos en muchos países, con creciente peso de populismos de -en parte, extrema- derecha o de izquierda.
  • La debilidad y burocratismo de los organismos internacionales.

      Pero la agudización de problemas puede y debe provocar reacciones progresistas para superarlos, con fortalecimiento de las democracias y su ampliación en el mundo.
 

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